Despenser, Earl of Winchester is my 19th great grandfather.
You
→ Pop
your father → Mamie C. Nichols (Collins)
his mother → Martha Collins (BARTLETT)
her mother → Nancy Rachel Bartlett (KING)
her mother → Sarah Ann King (Bartlett)
her mother → Reuben S. BARTLETT
her father → John Garner Bartlett
his father → WILLIAM BARTLETT
his father → WILLIAM BERKLEY
his father → Margaret (Brent) Bartlett
his mother → Margaret Peshall
her mother → Anne Peshall
her mother → Anne Sheldon
her mother → Muriel Throckmorton
her mother → Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley
her father → Maurice Berkeley, de jure 3rd Baron Berkeley
his father → James de Berkeley "The Just", 1st Baron Berkeley
his father → Sir James de Berkeley
his father → Elizabeth le Despenser, Baroness Berkeley
his mother → Hugh Despenser the Younger
her father → Hugh Despenser, Earl of Winchester
his father
You
→ Pop
your father → Mamie C. Nichols (Collins)
his mother → Martha Collins (BARTLETT)
her mother → Nancy Rachel Bartlett (KING)
her mother → Sarah Ann King (Bartlett)
her mother → Reuben S. BARTLETT
her father → John Garner Bartlett
his father → WILLIAM BARTLETT
his father → WILLIAM BERKLEY
his father → Margaret (Brent) Bartlett
his mother → Margaret Peshall
her mother → Anne Peshall
her mother → Anne Sheldon
her mother → Muriel Throckmorton
her mother → Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley
her father → Maurice Berkeley, de jure 3rd Baron Berkeley
his father → James de Berkeley "The Just", 1st Baron Berkeley
his father → Sir James de Berkeley
his father → Elizabeth le Despenser, Baroness Berkeley
his mother → Hugh Despenser the Younger
her father → Hugh Despenser, Earl of Winchester
his father
Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester
Hugh le Despenser (1 March 1261 – 27 October 1326), sometimes referred to as "the Elder Despenser", was for a time the chief adviser to King Edward II of England.[1]
He was the son of Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer (or Despenser), and Aliva Basset, sole daughter and heiress of Philip Basset. His father was killed at the Battle of Evesham when Hugh was just a boy, but Hugh's patrimony was saved through the influence of his maternal grandfather (who had been loyal to the king).[2]
He married Isabella de Beauchamp, daughter of William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick and Maud FitzJohn. He served Edward I on numerous occasions in battle and in diplomacy and was created a baron by writ of summons to Parliament in 1295. However, when he became close to Edward II his place was always with the king, which worried the barons. To that time, his highest office was justice of the forests.[3]
He was one of the few barons to remain loyal to Edward during the controversy regarding Piers Gaveston. Despenser became Edward's loyal servant and chief administrator after Gaveston was executed in 1312, but the jealousy of other barons - and, more importantly, his own corruption and unjust behaviour - led to his being exiled along with his son Hugh Despenser the younger in 1321, when Edmund of Woodstock, Earl of Kent replaced him as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports.
Edward found it difficult to manage without them, and recalled them to England a year later, an action which enraged the queen, Isabella, the more so when Despenser was created Earl of Winchester.
Death
When Isabella and her lover, Roger Mortimer, led a rebellion against her husband Edward, they captured both Despensers—first the elder, later the younger. Queen Isabella interceded for Hugh the elder, but his enemies, notably Roger Mortimer and Henry, Earl of Lancaster, insisted both father and son should face trial and execution.
The elder Despenser was hanged immediately in his armor at Bristol on 27 October 1326. He was then beheaded and his body cut into pieces for the dogs. His head was sent for display to Winchester, which had supported the king.[4]
Notes
- ^ "Despenser, Hugh le (1262-1326)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- ^ Fryde 28
- ^ Gwilym Dodd, Anthony Musson, The Reign of Edward II: New Perspectives, pp. 214-217.
- ^ Rev. John Milner, History of Antiquities of Winchester, p. 213.
References
- Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis, Lines: 72-31, 74-31, 74A-31, 93A-29
- Fryde, Natalie (1979). The tyranny and fall of Edward II, 1321-1326. ISBN 0-521-54806-3.
- Karau, Björn: Günstlinge am Hof Edwards II. von England - Aufstieg und Fall der Despensers, MA-Thesis, Kiel 1999. (Free Download: http://www.despensers.de/download.htm)
- Despenser, Hugh le (1262-1326) (DNB00). Wikisource.
- Hunt, William (1888). "Hugh Despenser". Dictionary of National Biography.
Arms of Despencer: Quarterly 1st & 4th: Argent; 2nd & 3rd: Gules, a fret or, over all a ribbon sable Born 1 March 1261 Died 27 October 1326 Title Earl of Winchester Other names The Elder Despenser Nationality English Wars and battles Despenser wars War of Saint-Sardos Isabella's Campaign Siege of Bristol † Offices Advisor of Edward II of England Predecessor none Successor Lewis de Bruges Spouse(s) Isabella de Beauchamp
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